Bordetella is a common respiratory condition that can affect cats, especially those who frequent social settings. Here, our Rochester vets discuss Bordetella in cats, including the symptoms, treatment options, and what happens during recovery.
What is Bordetella bronchiseptica in cats?
Bordetella bronchiseptica is a bacteria that causes respiratory issues in the animals it infects. It's linked to the bacteria Bordetella pertussis, which causes whooping cough in humans. Therefore, it's categorized as a rare zoonosis disease (transmittable from animals to humans). This can concern cat owners who want to know how to recognize and prevent Bordetella in their kitties.
How does Bordetella in cats spread?
When cats become infected with Bordetella, they transmit germs through nasal secretion (sneezes) and saliva. This makes the bacteria highly transmittable through touch and inhalation. This means that cats often around other cats (like strays or cats in kitty daycares) are more likely to contract the bacteria.
Bacteria can survive in the environment for up to two weeks. If your cat's surroundings, bedding, grooming equipment, food bowls, and other items are not regularly disinfected and cleaned, they can all be sources of illness.
What are the symptoms of Bordetella in cats?
When it comes to Bordetella in cats, the symptoms often last up to 10 days. Some of the symptoms that your cat may experience include:
- Coughing
- Gagging
- Fever
- Sneezing
- Discharge from eyes or nose
- Lethargy
- Loss of appetite
Bordetella bacteria can be fatal in more severe cases, such as in kittens or cats with weakened immune systems. Therefore, it is important to seek veterinary care immediately if you notice the above symptoms in your cat.
How is Bordetella diagnosed in cats?
The bacterium is detected in a laboratory using swabs collected from the pharynx. Bacterial culture (using a particular culture medium) or PCR (polymerase chain reaction - a molecular technique for detecting the bacterium's genetic material) can also be used to identify the bacterium.
How are cats treated for Bordetella?
The treatment for Bordetella in cats most commonly consists of medication to target the infection.
One of the common medications veterinarians prescribe is Doxycycline (or maybe a fluoroquinolone antibiotic), which is likely the most effective treatment. However, an extremely severe infection may require additional veterinary care and hospitalization.
Most Bordetella infections are considered mild, and no special precautions are required for most cats since the risk of infection and serious illness is minimal.
However, it is never a guarantee that there will be minimal risk. A good and effective vaccine is available (vaccination is administered by drops in the nose), and this is an important aspect of disease prevention. Speak with your vet about the availability of this vaccination.
What happens during recovery from Bordetella?
The prognosis for a young kitten with no other underlying health problems is usually quite good with treatment. The prognosis for older cats depends on their age and underlying health conditions.
Here are some ways that you can help your cat with the best recovery possible:
- Administer medications on time and strictly follow the veterinarian's instructions.
- Quarantine your cat to allow them to remain stress-free while protecting any other pets you have at home.
- Keep the cat’s environment clean. This includes disinfecting bedding, litter boxes, and food dishes often.
- Consult your veterinarian about supplements and other nutritional options for improving the immune system.
- Speak with your vet about a vaccine schedule for Bordetella and other infectious diseases.
Note: The advice provided in this post is intended for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice regarding pets. For an accurate diagnosis of your pet's condition, please make an appointment with your vet.